IsleBloomSim: 岛屿植物竞争观察
IsleBloomSim 是一款交互式生态模拟网页应用,旨在通过直观的可视化方式,帮助用户理解和探索植物种群在有限岛屿环境下的生存、繁殖与竞争动态。
它以简化的生态学模型为基础,融合了生存环境适应、生命周期、繁殖扩散、种内与种间竞争以及遗传变异等核心机制,让用户能够亲手设计岛屿生态系统,并观察不同植物物种如何在资源有限的空间中竞争共存或走向消亡。
1. 模型核心理念
- 岛屿生态系统:模拟一个孤立的岛屿,地形分为四种主要栖息地:水域、沙滩、草地、森林。不同植物对栖息地有特定的适应性,只有在适宜的环境中才能存活和繁殖。
- “适者生存”原则:每种植物都有独特的生存策略。通过调整参数,用户可以观察哪些物种会在竞争中占据优势,哪些会逐渐被淘汰。
- 动态演化过程:模拟不是静态的,而是随着轮次推进,植物种群数量、空间分布和个体特性都会发生真实的变化,最终形成稳定的生态格局或剧烈的种群波动。
2. 主要功能与玩法
(1)岛屿编辑器
- 自由绘制岛屿地形:使用不同画笔绘制水域、沙滩、草地和森林,塑造岛屿的地理环境。
- 自定义植物种类:可以添加多种植物,每种植物可独立设置名称、颜色、适宜生存的环境类型。
- 手动放置初始植物:在适宜地形上直接点击放置特定植物个体。
- 一键随机生成岛屿或清空地图,快速开始实验。
(2)植物参数系统
每种植物都拥有丰富的可调节参数,分为三大类:
基本参数
- 植物名称与显示颜色
- 生存环境(可多选:水域、沙滩、草地、森林)
- 生存寿命(轮):个体从出生到自然死亡的轮次
- 幼苗时期(轮):幼苗无法繁殖的保护期
- 初始植物数量:模拟开始时自动补充的初始个体数
- 变异指数(%):新繁殖个体参数偏离亲代的程度
繁殖参数
- 传粉范围(半径单位):需要同种其他成熟个体在该范围内才能成功传粉
- 种子数量:每次繁殖产生的种子数(受竞争影响)
- 种子传播范围(半径单位):种子可散布的距离
- 种子存活率(%):概率判定种子成功发芽并成长为新个体
竞争参数
- 种内竞争范围 & 竞争能力:同种个体之间的资源争夺强度
- 种间竞争范围 & 竞争能力:不同物种之间的资源争夺强度
竞争会显著降低植物的繁殖效率(有效传粉范围、种子数量、种子存活率等都会下降),体现了生态学中“密度制约”和“资源竞争”的真实机制。
3. 模拟运行机制
当点击“开始模拟”后,系统进入观测模式:
- 生命周期:每个个体每轮都会增长年龄,达到寿命上限后自然死亡。
- 繁殖过程:只有超过幼苗期的成熟个体才能尝试繁殖。必须在传粉范围内存在至少一个同种其他成熟个体才能成功传粉。成功后产生一定数量的种子,种子随机散布到周围适宜栖息地。种子需通过存活率判定才能成长为新个体。
- 竞争影响:繁殖时会计算周围同种和异种个体的竞争压力,竞争越激烈,繁殖成功率越低。
- 变异机制:每个新诞生的个体,其各项参数都会在亲代基础上根据变异指数发生小幅随机波动,模拟遗传多样性。
- 空间限制:同一格子只能容纳一个植物个体,避免无限堆叠。
模拟过程中你可以:
- 实时查看每种植物的当前存活数量
- 暂停后悬停查看单个植物的详细个体参数(年龄、繁殖状态、竞争效率等)
- 查看种群数量随轮次变化的折线统计图表
4. 操作提示
- 左键拖拽:在编辑模式下绘制地形或放置植物
- 滚轮:缩放地图视图
- 面板拖拽:所有控制面板均可自由拖动
- 模拟中:可随时暂停、调整每轮时长、放大缩小视图、查看统计图表
- 返回编辑:可随时回到编辑模式修改地形或植物参数,重新开始实验。
IsleBloomSim: Island Plant Competition Observatory
IsleBloomSim is an interactive ecological simulation web application designed to help users understand and explore the survival, reproduction, and competition dynamics of plant populations in a limited island environment through intuitive visualization.
It is built upon a simplified ecological model that integrates core mechanisms such as habitat adaptation, life cycles, reproductive dispersal, intra- and inter-specific competition, and genetic variation. Users can personally design an island ecosystem and observe how different plant species compete, coexist, or go extinct in a resource-constrained space.
1. Core Concepts
- Island Ecosystem: Simulates an isolated island with four main habitat types: Water, Beach, Grassland, and Forest. Different plants have specific habitat preferences and can only survive and reproduce in suitable environments.
- "Survival of the Fittest" Principle: Each plant species has unique survival strategies. By adjusting parameters, users can observe which species gain dominance through competition and which gradually decline.
- Dynamic Evolution: The simulation is not static. As rounds progress, plant population sizes, spatial distribution, and individual traits change realistically, eventually forming stable ecological patterns or dramatic population fluctuations.
2. Main Features & Gameplay
(1) Island Editor
- Freely draw island terrain using brushes for Water, Beach, Grassland, and Forest to shape the geographical environment.
- Customize plant species: Add multiple plants, each with independent settings for name, color, and preferred habitats.
- Manually place initial plants: Click directly on suitable terrain to place specific plant individuals.
- One-click random island generation or clear the map to start experiments quickly.
(2) Plant Parameter System
Each plant species has rich adjustable parameters divided into three categories:
Basic Parameters
- Plant name and display color
- Habitat (multiple selection: Water, Beach, Grassland, Forest)
- Lifespan (rounds): Number of rounds from birth to natural death
- Juvenile Period (rounds): Protection period during which seedlings cannot reproduce
- Initial Population: Number of individuals automatically supplemented at the start of simulation
- Mutation Rate (%): Degree of deviation of new offspring parameters from their parents
Reproduction Parameters
- Pollination Range (radius units): Requires at least one other mature individual of the same species within range to successfully pollinate
- Seed Count: Number of seeds produced per reproduction (affected by competition)
- Seed Dispersal Range (radius units): Distance seeds can spread
- Seed Survival Rate (%): Probability that a seed successfully germinates and grows into a new individual
Competition Parameters
- Intra-specific Competition Range & Ability: Resource competition intensity among individuals of the same species
- Inter-specific Competition Range & Ability: Resource competition intensity between different species
Competition significantly reduces reproductive efficiency (effective pollination range, seed count, and seed survival rate all decrease), reflecting real ecological concepts of "density dependence" and "resource competition."
3. Simulation Mechanics
When "Start Simulation" is clicked, the system enters observation mode:
- Life Cycle: Each individual ages by one round per tick and dies naturally upon reaching its lifespan limit.
- Reproduction Process: Only mature individuals past the juvenile period can attempt reproduction. Successful pollination requires at least one other mature individual of the same species within the pollination range. Seeds are produced and randomly dispersed to surrounding suitable habitats. Seeds must pass the survival rate check to grow into new individuals.
- Competition Effect: During reproduction, competition pressure from nearby same-species and different-species individuals is calculated. The stronger the competition, the lower the reproductive success rate.
- Mutation Mechanism: Each newly born individual has its parameters slightly randomized based on the parent’s values according to the mutation rate, simulating genetic diversity.
- Spatial Limitation: Only one plant can occupy each grid cell, preventing infinite stacking.
During simulation, you can:
- View real-time surviving population counts for each species
- Pause and hover over individual plants to see detailed parameters (age, reproductive status, competition efficiency, etc.)
- View line charts showing population changes over rounds
4. Operation Tips
- Left-click and drag: Draw terrain or place plants in editor mode
- Mouse wheel: Zoom in/out on the map view
- Draggable panels: All control panels can be freely dragged
- During simulation: Pause at any time, adjust round duration, zoom the view, and view statistical charts
- Return to Editor: Switch back to editor mode anytime to modify terrain or plant parameters and restart the experiment